Order of Merit of the Italian Republic: Commander’s Cross

(Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana). Instituted in 1951. In silver gilt with red, white, green and black enamels, marked “800” (silver) and “958 MI”(silversmith registration number and made in Milano) on the loop, measuring 55.8 mm (w) x 74.8 mm (h) inclusive of its crown suspension, intact enamels, very light contact, original ribbon, near extremely fine.

Footnote: The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic was founded as the senior order of knighthood by the second President of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi in 1951. The highest ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for “merit acquired by the nation” in the fields of literature, the arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers. The post-nominal letters for the order areOMRI. The order effectively replaced as national orders the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362). The order is bestowed by decree of the President of the Italian Republic, as head of the orders of knighthood, on the recommendation of the President of the Council of Ministers. Except in exceptional circumstances, no one can be awarded for the first time a rank higher than Knight. The minimum age requirement is normally 35. It is awarded in six classes: Knight Grand Cross with Collar; 1st Class, Knight Grand Cross; 2nd Class, Grand Officer; 3rd Class, Commander; 4th Class, Officer; and 5th Class, Knight.